A minimally invasive animal model of atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia for translational research

Ebert, Max L. A.; Schmidt, Vanessa F.; Öcal, Osman; von Thaden, Anne; Dietrich, Olaf; Popper, Bastian; Elges, Sandra; Seidensticker, Max; Ricke, Jens; Kimm, Melanie A.; Jeibmann, Astrid; Wildgruber, Moritz (2025): A minimally invasive animal model of atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia for translational research. European Radiology Experimental, 9: 14. ISSN 2509-9280

Abstract

Background

A variety of animal models has been developed for research on atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia. While small animal models contain limits for translational research, we aimed to develop an atherosclerosis model with lumen-narrowing plaques to foster basic research in vascular biology, the development of new angioplasty devices, and vessel wall imaging approaches.

Methods

Endothelial denudation was performed via a minimally invasive approach through the auricular artery, followed by stent-retriever mediated endothelial injury in New Zealand White rabbits ( n = 10). Along with a high-fat diet, the rabbits developed lumen-narrowing atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia of the iliac arteries within a 6-week period after mechanical injury. The stent-retriever method was compared with a conventional rabbit model ( n = 10) using balloon denudation via surgical access, and both models were analyzed with a particular focus on animal welfare. Fisher’s exact, Mann–Whitney U , and unpaired t -tests were used.

Results

The average time for the entire procedure was 62 min for the balloon group and 31 min for the stent-retriever group ( p < 0.001). The stent-retriever model resulted in less periprocedural morbidity (including expenditure, intubation time, anesthetics, and end-tidal CO 2 level) and mortality (40% mortality in the conventional group compared to 0% in the stent-retriever model, p = 0.011), while generating lumen-narrowing atherosclerotic lesions with key features as compared to humans as revealed by time-of-flight magnetic resonance imaging and histology.

Conclusion

We developed a minimally invasive model of iliac atherosclerosis with high reproducibility and improved animal welfare for translational research.

• Dokumententyp: Artikel (Klinikum der LMU)
• Organisationseinheit (Fakultäten): 07 Medizin > Biomedizinisches Zentrum; 07 Medizin > Klinikum der LMU München > Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie
• DFG-Fachsystematik der Wissenschaftsbereiche: Lebenswissenschaften
• DFG: Gefördert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - 412846220
• DFG: Gefördert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - 491502892