Autogenous tooth transplantation of canines: a prospective clinical study on the influence of extraoral storage time-guided adjunctive antibiotic therapy and patient-related risk factors affecting success, survival, and prognosis after two years of follow-up

Meinzer, Sebastian; Nolte, Dirk; Huth, Karin Christine (2026): Autogenous tooth transplantation of canines: a prospective clinical study on the influence of extraoral storage time-guided adjunctive antibiotic therapy and patient-related risk factors affecting success, survival, and prognosis after two years of follow-up. BMC Oral Health, 26: 421. ISSN 1472-6831

Abstract

Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of adjunctive antibiotic therapy and patient-related factors on the success, survival, and prognosis of autogenous canine transplants over a two-year period.

Methods

Sixty-seven patients (aged 11–37 years) underwent canine autotransplantation. According to extraoral storage time (EST: 0–3, 4–6, or 7–15 min), patients received either (1) no antibiotics, (2) a single intraoperative intravenous dose of doxycycline, or (3) the same dose followed by a five-day oral regimen. Because allocation of systemic adjunctive antibiotic therapy was EST-based, their effects could not be assessed independently. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed. Primary outcomes were survival and success. The secondary outcome was a composite prognostic estimate (percentage of criteria fulfilled). Associations were analysed using linear regression.

Results

After two years, the success rate was 90% (95% CI: 82–97%), survival was 100%, and the mean prognostic estimate was 86% (95% CI: 82–89%). The adjunctive antibiotic therapy regimen had no significant effect. Success decreased with smoking (β = -8.03; p = 0.025). The prognostic estimate declined with increasing age (β = -1.30 per year), closed apex (β = -11.84), ankylosis (β = -13.80), orthodontic extrusion (β = -12.04) and its duration (β = -0.49 per month), and smoking (β = -14.15) (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Routine adjunctive antibiotic therapy did not improve outcomes when allocated according to EST, supporting antibiotic stewardship. Prognosis was mainly influenced by patient-specific factors, highlighting the importance of individualised risk assessment in canine autotransplantation.

• Doc-Type: Article (LMU Hospital)
• Organisational unit (Faculties): 07 Medicine > Medical Center of the University of Munich > Polyclinic for Dental Preservation and Periodontology
• DFG subject classification of scientific disciplines: Life sciences
• DFG: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - 491502892